Eytan Shouker
& Eldad Cidor
Tel Aviv, Israel
Tel
Aviv, Israel
Pen-Pal
Projekt
Pen-Pal Project
The purpose
of the “Pen-Pal Project” is to enable Israeli and Palestinian
youngsters to get to know one another. Most of them form opinions about the
other side only through images presented on television screens, via news-broadcasts,
that only highlight points of friction; stone-throwing, shooting, terror attacks,
hatred and a thirst for revenge. Such is the nature of the media.
It’s
likely that an Israeli youth may have some knowledge of a Palestinian construction
worker that renovated his school building – but not so the Palestinian
youngster who is similarly concerned with the simple problems that trouble
every teenager. A young Palestinian girl might know the Israeli soldier that
patrols her neighbourhood, but might not be familiar with any Israeli girl,
that, just like her, decorates her room with photos of film stars like Leonardo
DiCaprio, and is similarly worried about her final matriculation exams. Thanks
to the Media, a very dogmatic picture of apparent truth is projected –
stereotypes that seemingly divide the world into only right and wrong, without
allowing a broader view of a more diverse reality.
Five hundred youngsters
have so far participated in the “Pen-Pal Project”, which began
in 1997. They come from all walks of life: secular, religious, from cities
and villages, and belong to a variety of youth movements and organizations.
All
participants received disposable cameras, with a request to photograph their
immediate surroundings and scenes depicting their daily lives over a period
of two weeks. Then all the cameras were collected and the films developed
by the project's team members, to be returned to the kids in the form of postcards.
On one side of each card appeared one of their own photographs, while the
back of the card carried the name and address of their respective pen pal,
chosen byus, according to preferences and hobbies expressed in the
Verteilung
der Einwegkameras an die Teilnehmer in der „Ahad Ha’am”
Schule in Petah Tikva
Distribution of the cameras
to the participants of the project at the “Ahad Ha’am” school
in Petah Tikva
questionnaires
they’d filled out in advance. Each participantthen corresponded (in
English) with his or her pen pal over the coming year.
The goal of the
project was to create a personal dialogue through a creative process that
enabled the participants to join in an artistic process of self-expression.
Whilst distributing the cameras, we gave an introductory lecture on ‘personalized
photography’. We spoke about composition and color, the importance of
the background in relation to the subject, documentation, and the possibilities
of personal choices in framing. All decisions concerning the choice of themes,
subjects and final realization were left to the participants.
We confronted
them with the complex challenge of creating pictures that would convey information
and feelings beyond the textual content of the postcards. As early as 1997,
restrictive measures had been imposed in the areas controlled by the Palestinian
Authority. Peace activists, those who initiated meetings between Israelis
and Palestinians – and continue to do so to this day – had to
furnish themselves with numerous documents that all too often proved to be
of little value at the border-crossings, when they were forced to turn back.
We
regarded our project as a potential for a new form of communication, one that
could circumvent the imposed restrictions on crossing from one side to the
other. The flow of correspondence was not hindered by political pressure groups.
The participants were solely committed to themselves and to their respective
pen pals – and the decision, whether to carry on or discontinue the
correspondence was theirs alone. During our introductory session, we urged
the youngsters to keep the channels of communication open, particularly when
life was being experienced at its most difficult.
We put great emphasis
upon the legitimacy of giving a voice to feelings of anger and frustration,
that also included the asking of painful questions, as long as mutual respect
and consideration for each other’s feelings was maintained.
Der
dreizehnjährige Nidal aus Bethlehem liest die Postkarte, die er von Maya
erhalten hat
Nidal, aged 13 from Bethlehem reading
the postcard he received from Maya
The
essential point of the project – communication without mediation –
also proved to be its Achilles heel. We neither know how many of the participants
achieved real contact with their correspondents, nor to what extent. We sometimes
sent out our own postcards to encourage them to communicate with us and they
in turn replied on prestamped cards that carried our return address. Some
shared their feelings and misgivings about the project, others asked for help
with technical problems. We also maintained contact with the youngsters by
phone to hear more about their impressions and experiences. Some had to face
the disappointment of not receiving a reply to their postcards. For most of
the participants, the project was their first attempt to establish friendly
ties with the “enemy”. It is our belief that these youngsters,
by their readiness to participate in this venture, were prepared to shed the
first layer of their protective armor and will be able to take further steps
towards mutual understanding in the future.
As artists, we are creating
a personalized form of art which also deals with political and social issues.
We not only exhibit our artwork in museums and galleries but try to make use
of all available media, advertizing, magazines, billboards, internet, and
other alternative spaces, to reach a vast public in order to provoke questions
and reactions on a personal level. Our perception of the project evolves from
this philosophy and therefore places creativity, search for knowledge, and
pleasure, at the center of this dialogue. We aim to achieve positive social
change, while enabling the participants to not only enjoy the process but
also to achieve a clearer definition of their ‘Self’. It‘s
true that in today’s cyber world, postcards seem almost pre-historic,
but there always remains a certain charm in receiving a card, even one slightly
worn by travel, that retains the fragrance of a world so near and yet often
so far away.
The association “People to People” helped us to
find our Palestinian partner, Muhammad Jouda who then made contact with around
two hundred and fifty Palestinian young adults.
Mr. Jouda serves as a moderator
in Israeli-Palestinian discussion groups. Our contact with Mr Jouda also proved
to be a microcosm of the complex communications that often occur between Israelis
and Palestinians in mutually trying to overcome the barriers of culture, language,
preconceived ideas and fears. At first, getting to know each other was a difficult
process, filled with mutual reservation and misunderstandings; however, in
time, this evolved into a friendly and rewarding professional relationship
based on trust and acceptance.
At the outset of the project, we simply
had no idea of the length or complexities of our approach and neither could
we have imagined the extent of the intense commitment and responsibility that
it entailed.
As the project slowly took shape, thousands of photographs
and hundreds of questionnaires piled up at our studio.
The transformation
from photographs into postcards was processed manually. We used thousands
of stickers and stamps.
We had expected, but under-estimated, compli-cations
– but somehow learned to cope with them. Wrong addresses, postcards
returned to sender, and youngsters receiving no reply to their postcards became
part of our daily routine.
Other problems included the concern of the Israeli
Ministry of Education that the disposable cameras might contain explosives.
There were also fears on the part of some young Israelis who were about to
be drafted into the army that participation in the project might adversely
affect their army profile. We had to deal with this along with occasional
hostile reactions from parents. Some of the Palestinian youths also expressed
fears that their participation in the programme might be considered as a form
of collaboration with the enemy. Seemingly, the “Pen-Pal Project”
brought all the fears, anxieties, aggressions and anger of both peoples to
the surface.
However most of the reactions were supportive and positive
– aided by many generous volunteers in terms of time and energy.
We
were happy to discover that the media also showed great interest in the project.
Newspaper editorials had the effect of motivating teachers and students to
contact us and to join the project. Some of the television channels helped
organize meetings between the pen pals in their youth programmes, while others
gave the project coverage in their art and cultural programmes, all helping
to spread the message.
This media exposure also gave the participants a
feeling of pride in belonging to a selected and important group, thus encouraging
them to continue their correspondence.
When we started the project in 1997,
people still believed that there was hope for a peaceful solution and that
there was light at the end of the tunnel. The last five years have witnessed
some ups and many downs in the relationship between these two peoples, all
of which significantly impacted the “Pen-Pal Project”. At the
opening of our first exhibition in 1999 at the Artists House in West Jerusalem,
more than one hundred and fifty Palestinian and Israeli youths attended the
event, some meeting their pen pals for the first time.
Lynn Polyak from
Moshav Sittria in Israel and her pen pal Samar Hazboun from Bethlehem in the
Palestinian Authority had already once met previously at Lynn’s home.
This visit was facilitated through the initiative of Israeli TV, in preparation
Amar
fotografiert das Dach seines Hauses in Asaria (aus dem Videofilm der Ausstellung)
Amar
photographing the rooftop of his home in Azzaria (part of a videofilm accompanying
the exhibition)
tion of a cultural programme
in Arabic.
Their second meeting took place at the Artists House in Jerusalem.
When we tried to organize a third meeting on the occasion of the exhibition’s
opening at the Goethe-Institute in Tel Aviv in May 2001, the chances for such
an encounter were almost nil. The opening of the exhibition took place at
a time when all border-crossings were hermetically sealed.
Palestinians,
crossing the border into Israel were required to present countless permits
and had to depend on the goodwill of the security forces.
Samar had to
overcome her fears and emotional conflicts.
The war, raging near her house,
had already taken its toll. Many people were wounded, Bethlehem was under
curfew, and a stray Israeli mortar had just killed her best friend's father.
Samar
feared that by attending the opening of the exhibition in Tel Aviv she might
be betraying her friends and her people. On the other hand, she strongly believed
in her message, that peaceful co-existence and human decency could be achieved.
After long and difficult deliberations, she eventuallydecided to come to the
opening.
Lynn was also torn by misgivings. Israel at that time had suffered
numerous terror attacks. Palestinian suicide bombers blew up buses, killing
many innocent citizens. Nightclubs and discotheques turned into death traps,
claiming countless victims amongst the young Israelis that were only out for
a night’s enjoyment. Many Israelis were critical of the timing chosen
for the opening of the exhibition. In spite of everything, Lynn also made
the courageous decision to come to the exhibition and to a meeting with Samar.
The
courage and conviction of these two young girls, at a time when despair and
hatred hardened the hearts of many and the thirst for revenge was predominant,
was an invaluable source of hope for us all.
During their short visit,
Samar and Lynn will be guests of the ‘Jewish Museum Berlin’ and
will have the opportunity to strengthen their friendship and mutual understanding.
The reality today is that such a meeting is only possible outside the borders
of their respective countries.
Our hearts are filled with joy at the thought
of their presence at the opening of the exhibition and it is our intense desire
that their personal attendance will encourage us all to rediscover a new hope
and optimism.
September 2002
Eytan
Shouker & Eldad Cidor